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JEE Main 2021
Complex Numbers
Complex Numbers
Medium

Question

The real part of the complex number (1+2i)8.(12i)2(3+2i).(46i){{{{(1 + 2i)}^8}\,.\,{{(1 - 2i)}^2}} \over {(3 + 2i)\,.\,\overline {(4 - 6i)} }} is equal to :

Options

Solution

Key Concepts and Formulas

  • Complex Number Form: A complex number zz is expressed as z=x+yiz = x + yi, where xx is the real part (Re(z)\operatorname{Re}(z)) and yy is the imaginary part (Im(z)\operatorname{Im}(z)), and i=1i = \sqrt{-1} (thus i2=1i^2 = -1).
  • Conjugate of a Complex Number: The conjugate of z=x+yiz = x + yi is denoted by z\overline{z} and is given by z=xyi\overline{z} = x - yi.
  • Product of a Complex Number and its Conjugate: zz=(x+yi)(xyi)=x2+y2z \cdot \overline{z} = (x + yi)(x - yi) = x^2 + y^2.
  • Powers of ii: i1=ii^1 = i, i2=1i^2 = -1, i3=ii^3 = -i, i4=1i^4 = 1.

Step-by-Step Solution

Step 1: Simplify the Denominator

We need to simplify the denominator, (3+2i)(46i)(3 + 2i)\cdot\overline{(4 - 6i)}. The conjugate of 46i4 - 6i is 4+6i4 + 6i. Therefore, we have: (3+2i)(4+6i)=3(4)+3(6i)+2i(4)+2i(6i)(3 + 2i)(4 + 6i) = 3(4) + 3(6i) + 2i(4) + 2i(6i) =12+18i+8i+12i2= 12 + 18i + 8i + 12i^2 Since i2=1i^2 = -1, we have: =12+26i12=26i= 12 + 26i - 12 = 26i So, the denominator simplifies to 26i26i.

Step 2: Simplify the Numerator

We need to simplify the numerator, (1+2i)8(12i)2(1 + 2i)^8 \cdot (1 - 2i)^2. We can rewrite this as: (1+2i)8(12i)2=(1+2i)6(1+2i)2(12i)2=(1+2i)6[(1+2i)(12i)]2(1 + 2i)^8 (1 - 2i)^2 = (1 + 2i)^6 (1 + 2i)^2 (1 - 2i)^2 = (1 + 2i)^6 [(1 + 2i)(1 - 2i)]^2 Now, (1+2i)(12i)=12+22=1+4=5(1 + 2i)(1 - 2i) = 1^2 + 2^2 = 1 + 4 = 5. So the numerator becomes: (1+2i)652=25(1+2i)6(1 + 2i)^6 \cdot 5^2 = 25 (1 + 2i)^6 We can rewrite (1+2i)6(1 + 2i)^6 as [(1+2i)2]3[(1 + 2i)^2]^3. First calculate (1+2i)2(1 + 2i)^2: (1+2i)2=12+2(1)(2i)+(2i)2=1+4i+4i2=1+4i4=3+4i(1 + 2i)^2 = 1^2 + 2(1)(2i) + (2i)^2 = 1 + 4i + 4i^2 = 1 + 4i - 4 = -3 + 4i Now, we have: 25(3+4i)325(-3 + 4i)^3 We need to calculate (3+4i)3(-3 + 4i)^3. (3+4i)3=(3)3+3(3)2(4i)+3(3)(4i)2+(4i)3(-3 + 4i)^3 = (-3)^3 + 3(-3)^2(4i) + 3(-3)(4i)^2 + (4i)^3 =27+3(9)(4i)+3(3)(16i2)+64i3= -27 + 3(9)(4i) + 3(-3)(16i^2) + 64i^3 =27+108i144i2+64i3= -27 + 108i - 144i^2 + 64i^3 Since i2=1i^2 = -1 and i3=ii^3 = -i, we have: =27+108i+14464i=117+44i= -27 + 108i + 144 - 64i = 117 + 44i Therefore, the numerator is: 25(117+44i)=2925+1100i25(117 + 44i) = 2925 + 1100i

Step 3: Combine and Rationalize

Now we have the simplified numerator and denominator: Z=2925+1100i26iZ = \frac{2925 + 1100i}{26i} To rationalize the denominator, we multiply both the numerator and the denominator by i-i: Z=2925+1100i26iii=2925i1100i226i2=2925i+110026=11002925i26Z = \frac{2925 + 1100i}{26i} \cdot \frac{-i}{-i} = \frac{-2925i - 1100i^2}{-26i^2} = \frac{-2925i + 1100}{26} = \frac{1100 - 2925i}{26} Z=110026292526iZ = \frac{1100}{26} - \frac{2925}{26}i

Step 4: Identify the Real Part

The real part of ZZ is 110026\frac{1100}{26}. We can simplify this fraction by dividing both numerator and denominator by 2: 110026=55013\frac{1100}{26} = \frac{550}{13} Therefore, the real part of the complex number is 55013\frac{550}{13}.

Common Mistakes & Tips

  • Be careful with signs, especially when dealing with powers of ii and binomial expansions.
  • Always simplify as much as possible at each step to avoid carrying large numbers through the calculations.
  • Remember to rationalize the denominator before identifying the real part.

Summary

By simplifying the numerator and denominator separately, rationalizing the denominator, and then identifying the real part, we found the real part of the given complex number to be 55013\frac{550}{13}.

The final answer is 55013\boxed{\frac{550}{13}}, which corresponds to option (A).

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