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JEE Main 2021
Differentiation
Differentiation
Hard

Question

Let f(x)=ax3+bx2+cx+41f(x)=a x^3+b x^2+c x+41 be such that f(1)=40,f(1)=2f(1)=40, f^{\prime}(1)=2 and f(1)=4f^{\prime \prime}(1)=4. Then a2+b2+c2a^2+b^2+c^2 is equal to:

Options

Solution

Given the polynomial function: f(x)=ax3+bx2+cx+41f(x) = ax^3 + bx^2 + cx + 41 We are provided the following conditions from the problem: 1. f(1)=40f(1) = 40 2. f(1)=2f^{\prime}(1) = 2 3. f(1)=4f^{\prime \prime}(1) = 4 First, calculate f(1)f(1): f(1)=a(1)3+b(1)2+c(1)+41=40f(1) = a(1)^3 + b(1)^2 + c(1) + 41 = 40 Simplifying, we get: a+b+c+41=40a + b + c + 41 = 40 Therefore: a+b+c=1a + b + c = -1 Next, calculate the first derivative f(x)f^{\prime}(x): f(x)=3ax2+2bx+cf^{\prime}(x) = 3ax^2 + 2bx + c Given f(1)=2f^{\prime}(1) = 2: f(1)=3a(1)2+2b(1)+c=2f^{\prime}(1) = 3a(1)^2 + 2b(1) + c = 2 Simplifying, we get: 3a+2b+c=23a + 2b + c = 2 Next, calculate the second derivative f(x)f^{\prime \prime}(x): f(x)=6ax+2bf^{\prime \prime}(x) = 6ax + 2b Given f(1)=4f^{\prime \prime}(1) = 4: f(1)=6a(1)+2b=4f^{\prime \prime}(1) = 6a(1) + 2b = 4 Simplifying, we get: 6a+2b=46a + 2b = 4 Dividing the entire equation by 2: 3a+b=23a + b = 2 We now have three equations: 1. a+b+c=1a + b + c = -1 2. 3a+2b+c=23a + 2b + c = 2 3. 3a+b=23a + b = 2 To solve for aa, bb, and cc, follow these steps: First, subtract the third equation from the second equation: (3a+2b+c)(3a+b)=22(3a + 2b + c) - (3a + b) = 2 - 2 Which simplifies to: b+c=0b + c = 0 So, c=bc = -b Substitute c=bc = -b into the first equation: (a+bb=1)(a + b - b = -1) Simplifying, we get: a=1a = -1 Now substitute a=1a = -1 into the third equation: 3(1)+b=23(-1) + b = 2 Which simplifies to: 3+b=2-3 + b = 2 Therefore: b=5b = 5 Next, since c=bc = -b: c=5c = -5 Finally, we need to find a2+b2+c2a^2 + b^2 + c^2: a2+b2+c2=(1)2+52+(5)2a^2 + b^2 + c^2 = (-1)^2 + 5^2 + (-5)^2 Simplifying, we get: 1+25+25=511 + 25 + 25 = 51 Therefore, the answer is: Option B: 51

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