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JEE Main 2021
Inverse Trigonometric Functions
Inverse Trigonometric Functions
Medium

Question

Using the principal values of the inverse trigonometric functions, the sum of the maximum and the minimum values of 16((sec1x)2+(cosec1x)2)16\left(\left(\sec ^{-1} x\right)^2+\left(\operatorname{cosec}^{-1} x\right)^2\right) is :

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Solution

Let f(x)=16[(sec1x)2+(cosec1x)2]f(x) = 16\left[\left(\sec^{-1} x\right)^2 + \left(\operatorname{cosec}^{-1} x\right)^2\right]. We can express f(x)f(x) as: f(x)=16[(sec1x+cosec1x)22(sec1x)(π2sec1x)]f(x) = 16\left[\left(\sec^{-1} x + \operatorname{cosec}^{-1} x\right)^2 - 2\left(\sec^{-1} x\right)\left(\frac{\pi}{2} - \sec^{-1} x\right)\right] This simplifies to: f(x)=16[π24πsec1x+2(sec1x)2],where sec1x[0,π]{π2}f(x) = 16\left[\frac{\pi^2}{4} - \pi \sec^{-1} x + 2 \left(\sec^{-1} x\right)^2\right], \quad \text{where } \sec^{-1} x \in [0, \pi] - \left\{\frac{\pi}{2}\right\} Further simplification gives: f(x)=16[2(sec1xπ4)2+π24π28]f(x) = 16\left[2\left(\sec^{-1} x - \frac{\pi}{4}\right)^2 + \frac{\pi^2}{4} - \frac{\pi^2}{8}\right] For the maximum value when sec1x=π\sec^{-1} x = \pi: max=16[2π2π2+π24]=20π2\max = 16\left[2\pi^2 - \pi^2 + \frac{\pi^2}{4}\right] = 20\pi^2 For the minimum value when sec1x=π4\sec^{-1} x = \frac{\pi}{4}: min=16[2×π216π24+π24]=2π2\min = 16\left[\frac{2 \times \pi^2}{16} - \frac{\pi^2}{4} + \frac{\pi^2}{4}\right] = 2\pi^2 Therefore, the sum of the maximum and minimum values is: Sum=22π2\text{Sum} = 22\pi^2

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