Step 1: Understand the condition for continuity.
For the function f(x) to be continuous at x=0, the limit of f(x) as x approaches 0 must be equal to the value of the function at x=0, which is α. Therefore, we need to evaluate:
α=x→0limf(x)=x→0lim(1−cos2x)2x3loge((1−xe−x)21+2xe−2x)
Step 2: Simplify the denominator (1−cos2x)2.
We use the double angle identity for cosine: cos2x=1−2sin2x.
So, 1−cos2x=1−(1−2sin2x)=2sin2x.
Then, (1−cos2x)2=(2sin2x)2=4sin4x.
Substituting this back into the limit expression, we get:
α=x→0lim4sin4xx3loge((1−xe−x)21+2xe−2x)
Step 3: Simplify the logarithmic term.
Using the property of logarithms loge(B2A)=logeA−2logeB, we can rewrite the logarithmic part:
loge((1−xe−x)21+2xe−2x)=loge(1+2xe−2x)−2loge(1−xe−x)
The limit expression becomes:
α=x→0lim4sin4xx3[loge(1+2xe−2x)−2loge(1−xe−x)]
Step 4: Apply standard limits and Taylor expansions.
We can rewrite the expression as:
α=x→0lim41(sinxx)4[loge(1+2xe−2x)−2loge(1−xe−x)]
Since x→0limxsinx=1, we have x→0lim(sinxx)4=14=1.
Now, we focus on the limit of the logarithmic terms. As x→0, e−2x→1 and e−x→1.
So, 2xe−2x→0 and xe−x→0.
We use the standard limit u→0limuloge(1+u)=1.
For the first term: loge(1+2xe−2x). Let u=2xe−2x. As x→0, u→0.
x→0lim2xe−2xloge(1+2xe−2x)=1
So, x→0limloge(1+2xe−2x)=x→0lim(2xe−2x)=0.
Similarly, for the second term: loge(1−xe−x). Let v=−xe−x. As x→0, v→0.
x→0lim−xe−xloge(1−xe−x)=1
So, x→0limloge(1−xe−x)=x→0lim(−xe−x)=0.
This indicates that using the direct ulog(1+u) limit might not be sufficient if the arguments u themselves go to zero. We need to consider higher order terms or a different approach.
Let's use Taylor expansions around x=0:
e−2x=1−2x+2!(−2x)2+⋯=1−2x+2x2+…
2xe−2x=2x(1−2x+…)=2x−4x2+…
loge(1+(2x−4x2+…))=(2x−4x2+…)−2(2x−…)2+⋯=2x−4x2−24x2+⋯=2x−6x2+…
e−x=1−x+2!(−x)2+⋯=1−x+2x2+…
xe−x=x(1−x+…)=x−x2+…
loge(1−(x−x2+…))=−(x−x2+…)−2(−x+…)2+⋯=−x+x2−2x2+⋯=−x+2x2+…
So, 2loge(1−xe−x)=2(−x+2x2+…)=−2x+x2+…
Now substitute these back into the limit expression:
α=x→0lim4sin4xx3[(2x−6x2+…)−(−2x+x2+…)]
α=x→0lim4sin4xx3[4x−7x2+…]
We know sinx=x−6x3+…, so sin4x=(x−…)4=x4−….
α=x→0lim4x4x3[4x+…]
α=x→0lim4x1[4x+…]
α=x→0lim(1+…)=1
Alternatively, using the standard limit u→0limuloge(1+u)=1:
We rewrite the expression as:
α=x→0lim4sin4xx3[2xe−2xloge(1+2xe−2x)(2xe−2x)−2−xe−xloge(1−xe−x)(−xe−x)]
As x→0, e−2x→1 and e−x→1.
So, 2xe−2x→0 and −xe−x→0.
The terms 2xe−2xloge(1+2xe−2x) and −xe−xloge(1−xe−x) both tend to 1.
α=x→0lim4sin4xx3[1⋅(2x⋅1)−2⋅1⋅(−x⋅1)]
α=x→0lim4sin4xx3[2x+2x]
α=x→0lim4sin4xx3(4x)
α=x→0lim4sin4x4x4
α=x→0lim(sinxx)4
Since x→0limxsinx=1, we have x→0limsinxx=1.
Therefore,
α=14=1
Step 5: Conclude the value of α.
Since f is continuous at x=0, we have α=x→0limf(x).
From Step 4, we found this limit to be 1.
Thus, α=1.