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Sequences & Series
Sequences and Series
Hard

Question

Let s1,s2,s3,,s10s_{1}, s_{2}, s_{3}, \ldots, s_{10} respectively be the sum to 12 terms of 10 A.P. s whose first terms are 1,2,3,.101,2,3, \ldots .10 and the common differences are 1,3,5,,191,3,5, \ldots \ldots, 19 respectively. Then \sum_\limits{i=1}^{10} s_{i} is equal to :

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Solution

Key Concepts and Formulas

  • Sum of an Arithmetic Progression (A.P.): The sum of the first nn terms of an A.P. with first term aa and common difference dd is given by Sn=n2[2a+(n1)d]S_n = \frac{n}{2}[2a + (n-1)d].
  • Summation Properties:
    • i=1N(aibi)=i=1Naii=1Nbi\sum_{i=1}^{N} (a_i - b_i) = \sum_{i=1}^{N} a_i - \sum_{i=1}^{N} b_i
    • i=1Ncai=ci=1Nai\sum_{i=1}^{N} c \cdot a_i = c \cdot \sum_{i=1}^{N} a_i
  • Standard Summation Formulas:
    • Sum of the first NN natural numbers: i=1Ni=N(N+1)2\sum_{i=1}^{N} i = \frac{N(N+1)}{2}
    • Sum of a constant: i=1NC=NC\sum_{i=1}^{N} C = N \cdot C

Step-by-Step Solution

Step 1: Define the parameters for the ii-th A.P. We are given 10 A.P.s. Let the ii-th A.P. (where i{1,2,,10}i \in \{1, 2, \ldots, 10\}) have first term aia_i and common difference did_i. We need to find the sum of the first 12 terms of each, denoted by sis_i.

  • The first terms are 1,2,3,,101, 2, 3, \ldots, 10. Thus, for the ii-th A.P., ai=ia_i = i.
  • The common differences are 1,3,5,,191, 3, 5, \ldots, 19. This is an arithmetic progression of odd numbers. The ii-th term of this sequence is given by 2i12i-1. Thus, for the ii-th A.P., di=2i1d_i = 2i-1.
  • The number of terms to sum for each A.P. is n=12n=12.

Step 2: Derive the formula for sis_i, the sum of the first 12 terms of the ii-th A.P. We use the formula for the sum of an A.P., Sn=n2[2a+(n1)d]S_n = \frac{n}{2}[2a + (n-1)d], with n=12n=12, a=ai=ia=a_i=i, and d=di=2i1d=d_i=2i-1. si=122[2(ai)+(121)(di)]s_i = \frac{12}{2}[2(a_i) + (12-1)(d_i)] Substitute the expressions for aia_i and did_i: si=6[2(i)+11(2i1)]s_i = 6[2(i) + 11(2i-1)] Simplify the expression inside the brackets: si=6[2i+22i11]s_i = 6[2i + 22i - 11] si=6[24i11]s_i = 6[24i - 11] Distribute the 6: si=144i66s_i = 144i - 66 This formula gives the sum of the first 12 terms for the ii-th A.P.

Step 3: Calculate the total sum i=110si\sum_{i=1}^{10} s_i. We need to find the sum of sis_i for ii from 1 to 10. i=110si=i=110(144i66)\sum_{i=1}^{10} s_i = \sum_{i=1}^{10} (144i - 66) Using the properties of summation, we can split this into two separate sums: i=110si=i=110(144i)i=110(66)\sum_{i=1}^{10} s_i = \sum_{i=1}^{10} (144i) - \sum_{i=1}^{10} (66) Factor out the constants: i=110si=144i=110i66i=1101\sum_{i=1}^{10} s_i = 144 \sum_{i=1}^{10} i - 66 \sum_{i=1}^{10} 1

Step 4: Apply standard summation formulas and compute the final result. We use the formula for the sum of the first NN natural numbers, i=1Ni=N(N+1)2\sum_{i=1}^{N} i = \frac{N(N+1)}{2}, with N=10N=10: i=110i=10(10+1)2=10×112=55\sum_{i=1}^{10} i = \frac{10(10+1)}{2} = \frac{10 \times 11}{2} = 55 And the formula for the sum of a constant, i=1N1=N\sum_{i=1}^{N} 1 = N: i=1101=10\sum_{i=1}^{10} 1 = 10 Now substitute these values back into the expression for the total sum: i=110si=144(55)66(10)\sum_{i=1}^{10} s_i = 144(55) - 66(10) Perform the multiplications: 144×55=7920144 \times 55 = 7920 66×10=66066 \times 10 = 660 Finally, subtract: i=110si=7920660=7260\sum_{i=1}^{10} s_i = 7920 - 660 = 7260

Common Mistakes & Tips

  • Misinterpreting Common Differences: Ensure the common difference for the ii-th AP is correctly identified as 2i12i-1, not simply ii.
  • Algebraic Errors: Be careful with distributing terms and simplifying the expression for sis_i. A small error can lead to a significantly different final answer.
  • Summation Formula Accuracy: Double-check the standard summation formulas for the sum of the first NN integers and the sum of a constant.

Summary

The problem requires us to calculate the sum of the first 12 terms for 10 different arithmetic progressions. We first establish a general formula for the sum of the ii-th A.P., si=144i66s_i = 144i - 66. Then, we sum these individual sums from i=1i=1 to 1010 using properties of summation and standard summation formulas. This process leads to the total sum of 7260.

The final answer is 7260\boxed{7260}.

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