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JEE Main 2024
Trigonometry
Trigonometric Ratio and Identites
Hard

Question

If tan(π9),x,tan(7π18)\tan \left( {{\pi \over 9}} \right),x,\tan \left( {{{7\pi } \over {18}}} \right) are in arithmetic progression and tan(π9),y,tan(5π18)\tan \left( {{\pi \over 9}} \right),y,\tan \left( {{{5\pi } \over {18}}} \right) are also in arithmetic progression, then x2y|x - 2y| is equal to :

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Solution

x=12(tanπ9+tan7π18)x = {1 \over 2}\left( {\tan {\pi \over 9} + \tan {{7\pi } \over {18}}} \right) and 2y=tanπ9+tan5π182y = \tan {\pi \over 9} + \tan {{5\pi } \over {18}} If we interpret the angles in degrees (as suggested by the numbers 20, 50, and 70), we have : x=12(tan20+tan70),x = \frac{1}{2} \left( \tan 20^\circ + \tan 70^\circ \right), and 2y=tan20+tan50.2y = \tan 20^\circ + \tan 50^\circ. The expression for x2y|x - 2y| is then : x2y=tan20+tan702(tan20+tan50).|x - 2y| = \left|\frac{\tan 20^\circ + \tan 70^\circ}{2} - \left( \tan 20^\circ + \tan 50^\circ \right)\right|. x2y=tan20+tan702tan202tan502,|x - 2y| = \left|\frac{\tan 20^\circ + \tan 70^\circ - 2 \tan 20^\circ - 2 \tan 50^\circ}{2}\right|, which simplifies to : x2y=tan70tan202tan502.|x - 2y| = \left|\frac{\tan 70^\circ - \tan 20^\circ - 2 \tan 50^\circ}{2}\right|. We know, tan70=tan20+tan501tan20tan50tan70tan70tan20tan50=tan20+tan50tan70tan50tan20tan50=0tan70tan202tan50=0\begin{aligned} & \tan 70=\frac{\tan 20+\tan 50}{1-\tan 20 \tan 50} \\\\ &\Rightarrow \tan 70-\tan 70 \cdot \tan 20 \tan 50=\tan 20+\tan 50 \\\\ &\Rightarrow \tan 70-\tan 50-\tan 20-\tan 50=0 \\\\ &\Rightarrow \tan 70-\tan 20-2 \tan 50=0 \end{aligned} \therefore x2y=tan70tan202tan502|x - 2y| = \left|\frac{\tan 70^\circ - \tan 20^\circ - 2 \tan 50^\circ}{2}\right| = 02\left| {{0 \over 2}} \right| = 0

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