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JEE Main 2023
Trigonometry
Trigonometric Ratio and Identites
Hard

Question

If the value of 3cos36+5sin185cos363sin18\frac{3 \cos 36^{\circ}+5 \sin 18^{\circ}}{5 \cos 36^{\circ}-3 \sin 18^{\circ}} is a5bc\frac{a \sqrt{5}-b}{c}, where a,b,ca, b, c are natural numbers and gcd(a,c)=1\operatorname{gcd}(a, c)=1, then a+b+ca+b+c is equal to :

Options

Solution

To find the value of 3cos36+5sin185cos363sin18\frac{3 \cos 36^{\circ}+5 \sin 18^{\circ}}{5 \cos 36^{\circ}-3 \sin 18^{\circ}} in the form a5bc\frac{a \sqrt{5}-b}{c}, we need to simplify the given expression. Let's start by using some fundamental trigonometric identities. We know that: cos36=5+14\cos 36^{\circ} = \frac{\sqrt{5} + 1}{4} sin18=514\sin 18^{\circ} = \frac{\sqrt{5} - 1}{4} First, substitute these values into the expression: 35+14+551455+143514\frac{3 \cdot \frac{\sqrt{5} + 1}{4} + 5 \cdot \frac{\sqrt{5} - 1}{4}}{5 \cdot \frac{\sqrt{5} + 1}{4} - 3 \cdot \frac{\sqrt{5} - 1}{4}} Simplify the numerator and the denominator: Numerator: 35+14+5514=3(5+1)+5(51)4=35+3+5554=8524=25123 \cdot \frac{\sqrt{5} + 1}{4} + 5 \cdot \frac{\sqrt{5} - 1}{4} = \frac{3(\sqrt{5} + 1) + 5(\sqrt{5} - 1)}{4} = \frac{3\sqrt{5} + 3 + 5\sqrt{5} - 5}{4} = \frac{8\sqrt{5} - 2}{4} = 2 \sqrt{5} - \frac{1}{2} Denominator: 55+143514=5(5+1)3(51)4=55+535+34=25+84=5+425 \cdot \frac{\sqrt{5} + 1}{4} - 3 \cdot \frac{\sqrt{5} - 1}{4} = \frac{5(\sqrt{5} + 1) - 3(\sqrt{5} - 1)}{4} = \frac{5\sqrt{5} + 5 - 3\sqrt{5} + 3}{4} = \frac{2\sqrt{5} + 8}{4} = \frac{\sqrt{5}+4}{2} Now combine the simplified numerator and denominator: 25125+42=(2512)25+4=4515+4\frac{2 \sqrt{5} - \frac{1}{2}}{\frac{\sqrt{5}+4}{2}} = \frac{(2 \sqrt{5} - \frac{1}{2}) \cdot 2}{\sqrt{5}+4} = \frac{4 \sqrt{5} - 1}{\sqrt{5}+4} Rationalizing the denominator by multiplying both the numerator and the denominator by the conjugate of the denominator: (451)(54)(5+4)(54)\frac{(4 \sqrt{5} - 1)(\sqrt{5}-4)}{(\sqrt{5}+4)(\sqrt{5}-4)} The denominator simplifies to: 5242=516=11 \sqrt{5}^2 - 4^2 = 5 - 16 = -11 The numerator simplifies to: (451)(54)=(45544515+14)=(201655+4)=24175 (4 \sqrt{5} - 1)(\sqrt{5}-4) = (4 \sqrt{5} \cdot \sqrt{5} - 4 \cdot 4 \sqrt{5} - 1 \cdot \sqrt{5} + 1 \cdot 4) = (20 - 16 \sqrt{5} - \sqrt{5} + 4) = 24 - 17 \sqrt{5} Combining them, we get: 2417511=1752411\frac{24 - 17\sqrt{5}}{-11} = \frac{17\sqrt{5}-24}{11} Thus, a=17,b=24,c=11a = 17, b = 24, c = 11. Therefore, a+b+c=17+24+11=52a + b + c = 17 + 24 + 11 = 52. So the correct option is: Option B: 52

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