Operating System: The Essential Software
An Operating System (OS) is system software that manages computer hardware and software resources and provides common services for computer programs.
Key Roles of an OS
- Resource Manager: Manages CPU, memory, storage, and I/O devices
- Interface Provider: Provides interface between user and hardware
- Process Manager: Creates, schedules, and terminates processes
- Security: Controls access to system resources
Goals of an Operating System
- Convenience: Make the computer easy to use
- Efficiency: Use hardware resources efficiently
- Ability to Evolve: Allow introduction of new features
Examples of Operating Systems
| Category | Examples |
|---|---|
| Desktop | Windows, macOS, Linux (Ubuntu, Fedora) |
| Mobile | Android, iOS |
| Server | Linux (RHEL, CentOS), Windows Server |
| Embedded | FreeRTOS, VxWorks |