Operating System Architectures
1. Monolithic Kernel
All OS services run in kernel space:
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OS Architectures
Learning Objectives
- •Compare OS architectures
- •Understand tradeoffs
Lesson Outline
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OS Architectures
Examples: Linux, Unix, MS-DOS
Pros: Fast (no context switches), efficient
Cons: Large, crash in one part affects all
2. Microkernel
Minimal kernel, services in user space:
Examples: MINIX, QNX, L4
Pros: Modular, stable, secure
Cons: Slower (IPC overhead)
3. Hybrid Kernel
Combines monolithic speed with microkernel modularity:
Examples: Windows NT, macOS (XNU)