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JEE Main 2024
Inverse Trigonometric Functions
Inverse Trigonometric Functions
Hard

Question

Given that the inverse trigonometric function assumes principal values only. Let x,yx, y be any two real numbers in [1,1][-1,1] such that cos1xsin1y=α,π2απ\cos ^{-1} x-\sin ^{-1} y=\alpha, \frac{-\pi}{2} \leq \alpha \leq \pi. Then, the minimum value of x2+y2+2xysinαx^2+y^2+2 x y \sin \alpha is

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Solution

cos1xπ2+cos1y=αcos1x+cos1y=π2+αα[π2,π] then π2+α(0,3π2)cos1(xy1x21y2)=π2+αxy1x21y2=sinαxy+sinα=1x21y2x2y2+sin2α+2xysinα=1x2y2+x2y2x2+y2+2xysinαE=cos2α\begin{aligned} & \cos ^{-1} x-\frac{\pi}{2}+\cos ^{-1} y=\alpha \\ & \cos ^{-1} x+\cos ^{-1} y=\frac{\pi}{2}+\alpha \\ & \because \quad \alpha \in\left[\frac{-\pi}{2}, \pi\right] \\ & \text { then } \frac{\pi}{2}+\alpha \in\left(0, \frac{3 \pi}{2}\right) \\ & \cos ^{-1}\left(x y-\sqrt{1-x^2} \sqrt{1-y^2}\right)=\frac{\pi}{2}+\alpha \\ & x y-\sqrt{1-x^2} \sqrt{1-y^2}=-\sin \alpha \\ & x y+\sin \alpha=\sqrt{1-x^2} \sqrt{1-y^2} \\ & x^2 y^2+\sin ^2 \alpha+2 x y \sin \alpha=1-x^2-y^2+x^2 y^2 \\ & \underbrace{x^2+y^2+2 x y \sin \alpha}_E=\cos ^2 \alpha \end{aligned} Now, minimum value of EE is 0.

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