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JEE Main 2022
Logarithms
Logarithm
Hard

Question

Let a, b, c be three distinct positive real numbers such that (2a)logea=(bc)logeb{(2a)^{{{\log }_e}a}} = {(bc)^{{{\log }_e}b}} and bloge2=alogec{b^{{{\log }_e}2}} = {a^{{{\log }_e}c}}. Then, 6a + 5bc is equal to ___________.

Answer: 2

Solution

Given, (2a)lna=(bc)lnb(2 a)^{\ln a}=(b c)^{\ln b}, where 2a>0,bc>02 a>0, b c>0 lna(ln2+lna)=lnb(lnb+lnc)\Rightarrow \ln a(\ln 2+\ln a)=\ln b(\ln b+\ln c) ..........(i) and (b)ln2=(a)lnc(b)^{\ln 2}=(a)^{\ln c} ln2lnb=lnclna\Rightarrow \ln 2 \cdot \ln b=\ln c \cdot \ln a ..........(ii) Now, let lna=x,lnb=y\ln a=x, \ln b=y ln2=p,lnc=z\ln 2=p, \ln c=z Now, from Eqs. (i) and (ii), we get py=xz and x(p+x)=y(y+z)p \cdot y=x z \text { and } x(p+x)=y(y+z) p=xzyx(xzy+x)=y(y+z)x2z+x2y=y2(y+z)(x2y2)(y+z)=0\begin{aligned} & \therefore p=\frac{x z}{y} \\\\ & \therefore x\left(\frac{x z}{y}+x\right)=y(y+z) \\\\ & \Rightarrow x^2 z+x^2 y=y^2(y+z) \\\\ & \Rightarrow \left(x^2-y^2\right)(y+z)=0 \end{aligned} \therefore x2=y2x^2 = y^2 x=±yx = \pm y So, from the equations, there are two cases : Case 1 : x=yx = y In this case, since x and y are natural logarithms of positive numbers a and b respectively, this implies that a = b. However, this cannot be true as a, b, and c are given to be distinct positive real numbers. Case 2 : x = -y In this case, lna=lnb\ln a = -\ln b a×b=1 \Rightarrow a \times b = 1 b=1a\Rightarrow b = \frac{1}{a} Also, y + z = 0 (from the equations above) lnb+lnc=0\Rightarrow \ln b + \ln c = 0 ln(b×c)=0\Rightarrow \ln (b \times c) = 0 b×c=1\Rightarrow b \times c = 1 Given b=1ab = \frac{1}{a} and b×c=1b \times c = 1 c=a\Rightarrow c = a Thus, in the case where x = -y, the possible values are : b=1ab = \frac{1}{a} c=ac = a  If bc=1(2a)lna=1a=1/2 So, 6a+5bc=6(12)+5=3+5=8\begin{aligned} & \text { If } b c=1 \Rightarrow(2 a)^{\ln a}=1 \\\\ & \Rightarrow a=1 / 2 \\\\ & \text { So, } 6 a+5 b c=6\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)+5=3+5=8 \end{aligned}

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