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JEE Main 2024
Sets, Relations & Functions
Functions
Easy

Question

The domain of f(x)=log(x+1)(x2)e2logex(2x+3),xRf(x) = {{{{\log }_{(x + 1)}}(x - 2)} \over {{e^{2{{\log }_e}x}} - (2x + 3)}},x \in \mathbb{R} is

Options

Solution

1. Key Concepts and Formulas

  • Logarithmic Function Domain Restrictions: For logba\log_b a to be defined, we require a>0a > 0, b>0b > 0, and b1b \neq 1.
  • Rational Function Domain Restrictions: For a fraction P(x)Q(x)\frac{P(x)}{Q(x)} to be defined, the denominator Q(x)Q(x) must not be equal to zero, i.e., Q(x)0Q(x) \neq 0.
  • Exponential Function Simplification: eklogex=elogexk=xke^{k \log_e x} = e^{\log_e x^k} = x^k.

2. Step-by-Step Solution

The function is given by f(x)=log(x+1)(x2)e2logex(2x+3)f(x) = {{{{\log }_{(x + 1)}}(x - 2)} \over {{e^{2{{\log }_e}x}} - (2x + 3)}}. To find the domain, we need to ensure that all parts of the function are well-defined.

Step 1: Analyze the numerator log(x+1)(x2)\log_{(x+1)}(x-2) For the logarithmic term log(x+1)(x2)\log_{(x+1)}(x-2) to be defined, we must satisfy three conditions:

  • Argument is positive: x2>0    x>2x - 2 > 0 \implies x > 2.
  • Base is positive: x+1>0    x>1x + 1 > 0 \implies x > -1.
  • Base is not equal to one: x+11    x0x + 1 \neq 1 \implies x \neq 0.

Combining these conditions, we need x>2x > 2.

Step 2: Analyze the denominator e2logex(2x+3)e^{2{{\log }_e}x} - (2x + 3) First, let's simplify the term e2logexe^{2{{\log }_e}x}. Using the logarithm property klogex=logexkk \log_e x = \log_e x^k, we get 2logex=logex22 \log_e x = \log_e x^2. Then, using the property elogey=ye^{\log_e y} = y, we have e2logex=elogex2=x2e^{2{{\log }_e}x} = e^{\log_e x^2} = x^2.

For the term e2logexe^{2{{\log }_e}x} to be defined, the argument of the logarithm, xx, must be positive. So, x>0x > 0.

Now, the denominator becomes x2(2x+3)x^2 - (2x + 3). For the entire function to be defined, the denominator cannot be zero. So, we must have x2(2x+3)0x^2 - (2x + 3) \neq 0. x22x30x^2 - 2x - 3 \neq 0. Factoring the quadratic expression: (x3)(x+1)0(x - 3)(x + 1) \neq 0. This implies x3x \neq 3 and x1x \neq -1.

Step 3: Combine all domain restrictions We have the following restrictions from the numerator and the denominator:

  • From the numerator's logarithm: x>2x > 2.
  • From the denominator's exponential term: x>0x > 0.
  • From the denominator being non-zero: x3x \neq 3 and x1x \neq -1.

To satisfy all these conditions simultaneously, we need to find the intersection of the intervals and excluded points. The most restrictive condition from the numerator is x>2x > 2. The condition x>0x > 0 from the exponential term is already covered by x>2x > 2. The excluded points are x3x \neq 3 and x1x \neq -1. The condition x>2x > 2 already excludes x=1x = -1. Therefore, we need x>2x > 2 and x3x \neq 3.

This can be written in interval notation as (2,){3}(2, \infty) - \{3\}.

3. Common Mistakes & Tips

  • Forgetting the base conditions of logarithms: Always remember that the base of a logarithm must be positive and not equal to one.
  • Confusing argument and base: Ensure you correctly apply the conditions to the argument and the base of the logarithm.
  • Simplifying too early without considering domain: While simplifying e2logexe^{2 \log_e x} to x2x^2 is correct, remember that the original expression 2logex2 \log_e x requires x>0x > 0.

4. Summary

To determine the domain of the given function, we analyzed the constraints imposed by the logarithmic terms and the rational expression. The numerator's logarithmic term log(x+1)(x2)\log_{(x+1)}(x-2) requires the argument x2>0x-2 > 0, the base x+1>0x+1 > 0, and the base x+11x+1 \neq 1. These conditions lead to x>2x > 2. The denominator's term e2logexe^{2 \log_e x} requires x>0x > 0. Furthermore, the denominator itself cannot be zero, so x2(2x+3)0x^2 - (2x+3) \neq 0, which means x3x \neq 3 and x1x \neq -1. Combining all these conditions, the most stringent requirement is x>2x > 2, along with the exclusion of x=3x=3. Thus, the domain is (2,){3}(2, \infty) - \{3\}.

5. Final Answer

The final answer is (2,){3}\boxed{(2,\infty ) - \{ 3\} }, which corresponds to option (C).

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